This figure shows the global mean energy budget of the Earth according to IPCC AR6 (Forster et al. 2021, Section 7.2.1, their Fig. 7.2). Numbers indicate the best estimates for magnitudes of the globally averaged energy balance components in W/m2 together with their uncertainty ranges in parentheses (5–95% confidence range), representing all-sky climate conditions at the beginning of the 21st century. According to this diagram, the Tropospheric Energy-Flux Attenuation Coefficient (TEFAC) is 239/(398+82+21) = 0.477.
The IPCC Computer Models are based on the false assumption that greenhouse gases can trap heat in the atmosphere and reradiate it down to the earth’s surface thereby warming the planet. This IPCC figure is the model for this process.
The figure shows the inflow of 340 watts/m2 of radiative energy from the sun. Due to various losses and reflections a net 160 watts/m2 is absorbed at the earth’s surface. The earth re-radiates 398 watts/m2 upward in long wave infrared radiation that is caused by the adiabatic heating of the earth by its atmosphere and the absorption of solar radiation. 239 watts/m2 escapes through the TOA to space, which leaves 342 watts/m2 that is supposedly re-radiated heat that was stored in the “cloud” of Greenhouse Gas.
So where does the missing 342 watts/m2 go?
The figure shows 342 W/m2 of downwelling flux coming from greenhouse gas trapping of upwelling infrared flux. This is INFERRED to compensate for the difference between the total upwelling flux of 501 W/m2 and the TOA outgoing flux of 298 W/m2. It is not a measured quantity. This is WRONG because the missing 342 W/m2 is not trapped by greenhouse gases, it is dissipated in the atmosphere through convection according to the 2nd Law of Thermodynamics. This is shown by the close agreement between the Tropospheric Energy-Flux Attenuation Coefficient (TEFAC) of 0.477 in the IPCC diagram and the calculated value of 0.479 in the NZ model.
This violates the 1st Law of Thermodynamics. The 1st law says that energy can be neither created nor destroyed, but can only change form without external input. A particular consequence of this is that the total energy of an isolated system does not change. Thus the GHE is in violation of a law that has been well known for nearly 200 years because it claims that radiated energy from the earth's surface actually will raise the temperature when it is reabsorbed by the greenhouse gases and re-radiated due to the GHE.
The GHE theory says that the earth re-radiates long wave radiation into the atmosphere which heats up the atmospheric CO2 which then re-radiates infrared radiation omni-directionally. Besides the violation of the 1st law of thermodynamics, energy transfers between different media involve losses not gains as postulated in the GHE theory. In other words, the claim is that the CO2 in the atmosphere is a heat amplifier, which is ridiculous.
Furthermore, the upper atmosphere is cooler than the earth surface. The 2nd Law of Thermodynamics prohibits transfer of heat from a cooler body (the upper atmosphere) to a warmer body (the Earth).
As has been stated, the Greenhouse Gas theory originated from speculations by the 19th-Century physicist Arrhenius. This theory has never been verified with scientific experiments. There are a number of reasons that this is faulty science as shown in the following table.